Philosophy 195-02

                                                            Global Bioethics

                                                            Winter 2009

 

 

Tues, Thurs 4:25 – 5:40                                                                        Professor Gopal Sreenivasan

Friedl 126                                                                                            207 West Duke

gopal.sreenivasan@duke.edu

 

 

 

Reading Schedule

 

Readings without links will be made available within Blackboard.

 

 

January 8          Introduction.

Jan 13              Singer, “Famine, Affluence, and Morality,”  Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1972), pp. 229-243.

Jan 15              Miller, “Beneficence, Duty, and Distance,” Philosophy and Public Affairs 32 (2004), pp. 357-383.

Jan 20              Hardin, “Living on a Lifeboat,” Bioscience (1974), pp. 36-47;

                        Rosenfield and Schwartz, “Population and Development -- Shifting Paradigms, Setting Goals,”

                                    N. Engl. J. Medicine 352 (2005): 647-9.

Jan 22              Sen, “Fertility and Coercion,” University of Chicago Law Review 63 (1996), pp. 1035-1061.

Jan 27              Pogge, World Poverty and Human Rights (Blackwell, 2002), ch. 8.

Jan 29              No new reading.

February 3       Sreenivasan, “International Justice and Health:  A Proposal,”  Ethics and International Affairs 16 (2002),

                                    pp. 81-90;

                        Sreenivasan, “Health and justice in our non-ideal world,” Politics, Philosophy and Economics 6 (2007): 218-36.

Feb 5               Shue, Basic Rights, second ed. (Princeton, 1996), ch. 1.       

Feb 10             Rachels, “The challenge of cultural relativism,” Elements of Moral Philosophy, 4th ed. (2003), ch. 2;

                        Williams, Morality (Harper and Row, 1972), pp. 20-25.

Feb 12             Kausikan, “Asia’s Different Standard,” Foreign Policy 92 (1993), pp. 24-41;

                        Sen, “Human Rights and Asian Values,”  Morgenthau Lecture, 1997.

Feb 17             Taylor, “Conditions of an Unforced Consensus on Human Rights,” in J. Bauer and D.A. Bell (eds.)

                                     The East Asian Challenge for Human Rights (Cambridge, 1999), ch. 5.

Feb 19             Chan, “A Confucian Perspective on Human Rights for Contemporary China,” in Bauer and Bell (eds.)

                                     The East Asian Challenge for Human Rights (Cambridge, 1999), ch. 9.

                        First essay due.

Feb 24             No new reading.

 

Feb 26             The Body Hunters. Washington Post, December 17-22, 2000.

                        Article 1.  Article 2.  Article 3.  Article 4.  Article 5.  Article 6.

March 3           Emanuel et al., “What Makes Clinical Research in Developing Countries Ethical?,” J. Infectious Diseases

                                    189 (2004): 930-37.

March 5           No new reading.

 

March 9           Spring break.

 

March 17         Levine, “Informed consent: some challenges to the universal validity of the Western model,”

                                    Law Medicine and Health Care 19 (1991): 207-213;

                        Ijsselmuiden and Faden, “Research and informed consent in Africa – another look,”

                                    N. Engl. J. Medicine 326 (1992): 830-834;

                        Gostin, “Informed Consent, Cultural Sensitivity, and Respect for Persons,” Journal of the American Medical

                                    Association 274 (1995):  844-45.

March 19         Love and Fost, “Ethical and Regulatory Challenges in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Adjuvant Treatment

                                    for Breast Cancer in Vietnam,” Journal of Investigative Medicine 45 (1997):  423-431.

March 24         Ekunwe and Kessel, “Informed Consent in the Developing World,”  Hastings Center Report 14(3)

                                    (1984): 22-4;

                        Préziosi et al., “Practical Experiences in Obtaining Informed Consent for a Vaccine Trial in Rural Africa,”

                                    N. Engl. J. Medicine 336 (1997): 370-73;

                        Lynoe et al., “Obtaining Informed Consent in Bangladesh,” N. Engl. J. Medicine 344 (2001): 460-61;

                        Fitzgerald et al., “Comprehension during informed consent in a less-developed country,” Lancet 360 (2002):

                                    1301-02.

March 26         Freedman, “Equipoise and the Ethics of Clinical Research,” N. Engl. J. Medicine 317 (1987): 141-145;

Freedman, “Placebo-Controlled Trials and the Logic of Clinical Purpose,” IRB 12 (1990):  1-6;

Rothman and Michels, “The Continuing Unethical Use of Placebo Controls,” N. Engl. J. Medicine 331

(1994): 394-398;

Temple and Ellenberg, “Placebo-Controlled Trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments: 

Ethical and Scientific Issues,” Annals of Internal Medicine 133 (2000):  455-463.

March 31         Angell, “The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World,” N. Engl. J.  Medicine 337 (1997): 847-49;

Lurie and Wolfe, “Unethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the HIV in Developing

            Countries,” N. Engl. J. Medicine 337 (1997): 853-856.                      

April 2              Crouch and Arras, “AZT Trials and Tribulations,” Hastings Center Report 28 (1998): 26-34.

                        Second essay due.

April 7              Hawkins, “Justice and Placebo Controls,” Social Theory and Practice 32 (2006): 467-96.

April 9              No class.

April 14            Wertheimer, “Exploitation,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy;

                        Glantz et al., “Research in Developing Countries:  Taking ‘Benefit’ Seriously,” Hastings Center Report 28

                                    (1998): 38-42;

                        Shapiro and Meslin, “Ethical Issues in the Design and Conduct of Clinical Trials in Developing Countries,”

                                     N. Engl. J. Medicine 345 (2001): 139-142.

April 16            No new reading.

April 21            El Setouhy et al., “Moral standards for research in developing countries: from ‘reasonable availability’ to

                                    ‘fair benefits’,” Hastings Center Report 34 (2004):  17-28;

Arras, “Fair Benefits in International Medical Research,” Hastings Center Report 34 (2004):  3.           

 

 

End of lectures.

 

 

Assignments

 

There will be two 5-6 page essays in this course and a final examination.

 

The three assignments will each be worth 30 percent of the final grade.  Participation in class is worth the final 10 percent.

 

 

Office hours

 

Wednesdays, 3-4 p.m., in the Trent Center, Room 108c of the Medical Library Building.

 

 

 

March 17, 2009